Systematic engineering pinpoints a versatile strategy for the expression of functional cytochrome P450 enzymes in Escherichia coli cell factories

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Production of plant secondary metabolites in engineered microorganisms provides a scalable and sustainable alternative to their sourcing from nature or through chemical synthesis. However, the biosynthesis of many valuable plant-derived products relies on cytochromes P450 – enzymes notoriously difficult to express in microbes. To improve their expression in Escherichia coli, an arsenal of engineering strategies was developed, often paired with an extensive screening of enzyme variants. Here, attempting to identify a broadly applicable strategy, we systematically evaluated six common cytochrome P450 N-terminal modifications and their effect on in vivo activity of enzymes from the CYP79 and CYP83 families. We found that transmembrane domain truncation was the only modification with a significantly positive effect for all seven tested enzymes, increasing their product titres by 2- to 170-fold. Furthermore, when comparing the changes in the protein titre and product generation, we show that higher protein expression does not directly translate to higher in vivo activity, thus making the protein titre an unreliable screening target in the context of cell factories. We propose the transmembrane domain truncation as a first-line approach that enables the expression of wide range of highly active P450 enzymes in E. coli and circumvents the time-consuming screening process. Our results challenge the notion that the engineering strategy must be tailored for each individual cytochrome P450 enzyme and have the potential to simplify and accelerate the future design of E. coli cell factories.

OriginalsprogEngelsk
Artikelnummer219
TidsskriftMicrobial Cell Factories
Vol/bind22
Antal sider10
ISSN1475-2859
DOI
StatusUdgivet - 2023

Bibliografisk note

Funding Information:
Open access funding provided by Royal Library, Copenhagen University Library. This work was supported by Danish National Research Foundation grant DNRF99 awarded to B.A.H. and Novo Nordisk Foundation grant NNF20OC0065061 awarded to B.A.H.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2023, BioMed Central Ltd., part of Springer Nature.

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