Biosynthesis of chlorophyll c in a dinoflagellate and heterologous production in planta
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Chlorophyll c is a key photosynthetic pigment that has been used historically to classify eukaryotic algae. Despite its importance in global photosynthetic productivity, the pathway for its biosynthesis has remained elusive. Here we define the CHLOROPHYLL C SYNTHASE (CHLCS) discovered through investigation of a dinoflagellate mutant deficient in chlorophyll c. CHLCSs are proteins with chlorophyll a/b binding and 2-oxoglutarate-Fe(II) dioxygenase (2OGD) domains found in peridinin-containing dinoflagellates; other chlorophyll c-containing algae utilize enzymes with only the 2OGD domain or an unknown synthase to produce chlorophyll c. 2OGD-containing synthases across dinoflagellate, diatom, cryptophyte, and haptophyte lineages form a monophyletic group, 8 members of which were also shown to produce chlorophyll c. Chlorophyll c1 to c2 ratios in marine algae are dictated in part by chlorophyll c synthases. CHLCS heterologously expressed in planta results in the accumulation of chlorophyll c1 and c2, demonstrating a path to augment plant pigment composition with algal counterparts.
| Originalsprog | Engelsk |
|---|---|
| Tidsskrift | Current Biology |
| Vol/bind | 34 |
| Udgave nummer | 3 |
| Sider (fra-til) | 594-605.e4 |
| Antal sider | 17 |
| ISSN | 0960-9822 |
| DOI | |
| Status | Udgivet - 2024 |
Bibliografisk note
Funding Information:
We thank Prof. Poul Erik Jensen (University of Copenhagen) for input on the experimental setup for chlorophyll c biosynthesis in planta, Prof. Birger Lindberg Møller for valuable discussions on chloroplast targeting of biosynthetic enzymes in plants, Prof. Christiane Funk and Luisa Corredor Arias for providing us a culture of Guillardia theta, and Weichao Huang for early discussions about the gene discovered in this study. We thank Joseph Russo and Andrea Kirk for assisting with lbr1 cultures. We also thank members of the Jinkerson, Xiang, and Andersen-Ranberg laboratories for helpful discussions. This work was supported by funds provided by Novo Nordisk Foundation grant NNF20OC0061048 to J.A.-R. and D.P.-H.; Novo Nordisk Foundation grant NNF21OC0070602 to D.P.-H.; the Hakai Institute and Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation ( https://doi.org/10.37807/GBMF9201 ) to P.J.K.; the University of California, Riverside to T.X.; NSF-IOS EDGE Award to T.X. ( 2308644 ); a Simons Fellowship of the Life Sciences Research Foundation to R.E.J.; and a University of California Regents’ Faculty Fellowship to R.E.J.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 The Author(s)
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