TY - JOUR

T1 - The induction and modulation of plant defense responses by bacterial lipopolysaccharides

AU - Dow, M.

AU - Newman, M. A.

AU - Von Roepenack, E.

PY - 2000

Y1 - 2000

N2 - Lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) are ubiquitous, indispensable components of the cell surface of Gram-negative bacteria that apparently have diverse roles in bacterial pathogenesis of plants. As an outer membrane component, LPS may contribute to the exclusion of plant-derived antimicrobial compounds promoting the ability of a bacterial plant pathogen to infect plants. In contrast, LPS can be recognized by plants to directly trigger some plant defense-related responses. LPS can also alter the response of plants to subsequent bacterial inoculation; these delayed effects include alterations in the expression patterns of genes coding for some pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins, promotion of the synthesis of antimicrobial hydroxycinnamoyl-tyramine conjugates, and prevention of the hypersensitive reaction caused by avirulent bacteria. Prevention of the response may allow expression of resistance in the absence of catastrophic tissue damage. Recognition of LPS (and other nonspecific determinants) may initiate responses in plants that restrict the growth of nonpathogenic bacteria, whereas plant pathogens may possess hrp gene-dependent mechanisms to suppress such responses.

AB - Lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) are ubiquitous, indispensable components of the cell surface of Gram-negative bacteria that apparently have diverse roles in bacterial pathogenesis of plants. As an outer membrane component, LPS may contribute to the exclusion of plant-derived antimicrobial compounds promoting the ability of a bacterial plant pathogen to infect plants. In contrast, LPS can be recognized by plants to directly trigger some plant defense-related responses. LPS can also alter the response of plants to subsequent bacterial inoculation; these delayed effects include alterations in the expression patterns of genes coding for some pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins, promotion of the synthesis of antimicrobial hydroxycinnamoyl-tyramine conjugates, and prevention of the hypersensitive reaction caused by avirulent bacteria. Prevention of the response may allow expression of resistance in the absence of catastrophic tissue damage. Recognition of LPS (and other nonspecific determinants) may initiate responses in plants that restrict the growth of nonpathogenic bacteria, whereas plant pathogens may possess hrp gene-dependent mechanisms to suppress such responses.

KW - Cell surface structure

KW - Defense suppression

KW - Nonhost resistance

KW - Prevention of the hypersensitive reaction

KW - Synthesis of hydroxycinnamoyl-tyramine conjugates

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0033746316&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1146/annurev.phyto.38.1.241

DO - 10.1146/annurev.phyto.38.1.241

M3 - Review

AN - SCOPUS:0033746316

VL - 38

SP - 241

EP - 261

JO - Annual Review of Phytopathology

JF - Annual Review of Phytopathology

SN - 0066-4286

ER -