Determination of cell numbers in filamentous bacteria, such as Streptomyces, is challenging due to the tangled and twisted structure of the filaments and formation of cell clumps in liquid cultures. Here, we developed a conidia-based approach, in which fluorescence of conidia, after staining with the DNA-binding stain SYBR Green 1, was related to SYBR Green 1 fluorescence of DNA in Streptomyces. When cell number in Streptomyces filaments, determined by the conidia assay, was compared to number obtained by a qPCR assay, 34 to 62% of cells in the Streptomyces filaments were recovered. The difference in numbers probably reflects an insufficient extraction of DNA from the Gram-positive bacteria, rather than underestimation of the actual cell number by the conidia-based determination. The conidia-based approach appears to be a fast and reliable procedure for counting cell numbers in Streptomyces filaments but it can also be used for other filamentous bacteria, if proper standard curves can be made.