Non-volatile molecular composition and discrimination of single grape white of chardonnay, riesling, sauvignon blanc and silvaner using untargeted GC–MS analysis

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This study developed and applied a GC–MS method aiming at molecular fingerprinting of 120 commercial single grape white wines (Chardonnay, Riesling, Sauvignon Blanc and Silvaner) for possible authentication according to grape variety. The method allowed detection of 372 peaks and tentative identification of 146 metabolites including alcohols, organic acids, esters, amino acids and sugars. The grape variety effect explained 8.3% of the total metabolite variation. Univariate tests showed two-thirds of the metabolites being different between grape varieties. Partial least squares-discriminant analysis based classification models were developed for each grape variety and a panel of classifiers (42 metabolites) was established. All the classification models for grape variety showed a high certainty (>91%) for an independent test set. Riesling contained the highest relative concentrations of sugars and organic acids, while concentrations of hydroxytyrosol and gallic acid, common antioxidants in wine, decreased in the order of Chardonnay > Riesling > Sauvignon Blanc > Silvaner.

Original languageEnglish
Article number130878
JournalFood Chemistry
Volume369
Number of pages11
ISSN0308-8146
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 2022

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
This research was funded by the University of Copenhagen, Data + project fund (Strategy 2013 funds). German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment is acknowledged for collection of the wine samples.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Elsevier Ltd

    Research areas

  • Food authenticity, Foodomics, GC-MS, Multivariate data analysis, White wine

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